Ugandan-developed app speeds up malaria diagnosis without drawing blood

After experiencing several bouts of malaria, which almost cost him his university education, Brian Gita, 26, took the decision to use technology to help him and others by developing a smartphone app that can diagnose malaria without a blood test.

Gita, a computer science graduate from Makerere University in Kampala, Uganda, is one of a group of four computer scientists who created the app, known as Matibabu (Swahili word for treatment).

He said the app has so far proved to be 80 percent accurate in diagnosing malaria and was simple to use, producing a diagnosis result within one to two minutes.

The app went on to win the prestigious top prize for engineering innovation recently from the Royal Academy of Engineering at an event held in Nairobi, along with a cash prize of $32,000.

80%

Matibabu app’s accuracy in diagnosing malaria

Chinese assistance

Additional funds of $65,000 from China’s Ministry of Science and Technology were also granted this year to Gita for his team to develop the app further to its full potential.

“We hope by the time we have completed our pilot trials, the app can have an effectiveness rate of 99 percent. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the rate to be at least 85 percent,” said , his team is working with 14 hospitals in Uganda and a few in Kenya, and the app has diagnosed more than 300 people.

“Chinese funds will go a long way[toward our research]. If we can reach the target of 2 million people, then we are winning the war against Malaria. We believe we can[do it],” said Gita.

According to China’s Ambassador to Kenya Sun Baohong, part of the Chinese funding to Africa will involve science and technology.

“China will definitely fund good research ideas outside its are the biggest donor to Africa and its largest trading partner,” said the Chinese ambassador who was appointed to her post only in June.“Science is vital to Africa’s development. I cannot really tell you the amount, but surely it will run to hundreds of millions [of dollars]worth of non-payable grants.” She added that science and technology is an important part of the China’s Belt and Road Initiative.

90%

of malaria cases and deaths come from Africa

445 k

people died from malaria worldwide in 2016

216 mln

cases of malaria in 91 countries and regions worldwide in 2016

Unique function

The app uses a custom-made piece of hardware called consists of a red light-emitting diode and a light sensor which can pierce beyond the skin to reach the red blood cells. After a person has placed his finger into the matiscope device, the diagnostic results can be seen via a smartphone connected to the device within two minutes.

Laboratory tests usually take about three hours on average. “You do not need to draw blood and it is painless,” said Gita, who said the app is currently the leader of its kind worldwide.

“We are in the final phase of testing the kit, and are also looking at how to improve on accuracy levels [in collaboration] with the Mulago National Referral Hospital in Uganda. We will soon be commercializing our kit during a scheduled roll out,” said Morris Artwine, one of the co-founders of the app. “Matibabu also saves time,as consistent power blackouts [in the country] affect the accuracy of diagnostic results.”

He confirmed that his group is in close collaborative discussions with several hospitals and health facilities across Africa, so that it can reach out to as many people as possible.

While specific costs are still to be determined, Gita said that the app and device should retail for less than $10 when it enters the mainstream market.

The app uses a custommade piece of hardware called matiscope. It consists of a red lightemitting diode and a light sensor which can pierce beyond the skin to reach the red blood cells.

Malaria menace

The latest WHO malaria report shows that there were an estimated 216 million cases of malaria in 91 countries and regions worldwide in 2016, up from 211 million cases in the preceding year. The estimated global tally of malaria deaths reached 445,000 in 2016 compared to 446,000 the previous year.

While the rate of new cases of malaria had fallen overall, the trend has levelled off and even reversed in some regions since 2014. Malaria mortality rates followed a similar pattern. The report said that an estimated 90 percent of all these malaria cases and deaths worldwide continue to emanate from Africa. Fifteen countries in the world, 14 of which are in Sub-Saharan Africa, carry 80 percent of the global malaria burden.

National-level surveys in Africa show that only about 34 percent of children with a fever are taken to medical service providers in the public health sector.

文章来源：《大学教育》 网址: http://www.dxjyzz.cn/qikandaodu/2020/0811/589.html